The SIPOC is a tool used in process improvement efforts. The action of creating a SIPOC for process doesn't belong to any particular methodology. The SIPOC was used in TQM, Quality Circles, it can be used as part of an evaluation of category 6 (process or operations) of the Baldridge Criteria for Performance Excellence, and it's also now used in Lean Six Sigma.
SIPOC stands for Supplier, Input, Process, Output & Customer and it's simply a tool used to identify and focus on those areas. With that level of identification in hand, other tools such as a force fiel analysis or process mapping can start and be built upon to achieve a degree of process improvement.
While S > I > P > O > C indicates a natural order surrounding or related to a process, and is easy to remember, it can be confusing to fill out a diagram in that order. I have found a more practical method of developing a SIPOC based on a revised order and asking questions. This preferred method is to develop
My preferred method of filling it out is C O I S P.
C - Asking first "who receives our product?" (good or service)
O - Next "what is the product they receive?" (good or service)
I - Next "what is used to make that good or service" (what raw material product(s) go into it)
S - Next "who supplies that product?"
P - Finally "what are the general steps used to turn the input into the output?"
Note that when identifying the general steps in the process or the P, keep it to between 3 & 5. A process map, SOP or desk guide are better places to expand on the process.
There you have your SIPOC. A snapshot of what is done and how its done. A collection of SIPOCS can be a good representation of an organization and can help in many ways.
